Day 11 · ~60 minutes
Past Tense — The Aorist
The Aorist is the go-to past tense for completed actions — "I went", "she bought", "they ate". It's the backbone of Bulgarian storytelling.
⏱ 60 min🔑 The key signal — look for х
The letter х in a verb ending is your clue that you're in the past tense. Гледах = I watched. Говорихме = We spoke. Spot the х and you know it's finished.
📊Aorist endings — Group 3 (A) and Group 2 (I)
| Person | гледам (Group 3 — A) | говоря (Group 2 — I) |
|---|---|---|
| I | гледах | говорих |
| you (inf.) | гледа | говори |
| he / she / it | гледа | говори |
| we | гледахме | говорихме |
| you (formal/pl.) | гледахте | говорихте |
| they | гледаха | говориха |
📖Common aorist verbs to know
- работихrabotihI worked
- ядохyadohI ate
- пихpihI drank
- спахspahI slept
- видяхvidyahI saw
- купихkupihI bought
- отидохotidohI went
- четохchetohI read (past)
💬Short story — yesterday
Alex
Вчера работих много.
Vchera rabotih mnogo.
Yesterday I worked a lot.
Maria
Аз ядох добре и спах рано.
Az yadoh dobre i spah rano.
I ate well and went to bed early.
Alex
Той купи хляб и готви вечеря.
Toy kupi hlyab i gotvi vecherya.
He bought bread and cooked dinner.
Day 11 Quick Check
4 questions · past tense
Question 1 of 4
What letter in a verb ending signals the aorist past tense?
Question 2 of 4
How do you say "I ate" in Bulgarian?
Question 3 of 4
What is the "we" aorist form of гледам (to watch)?
Question 4 of 4
The aorist is used for...
Day 12 · ~60 minutes
Future Tense — ще and няма да
The future tense is the easiest in Bulgarian — just one particle placed before a present-tense verb you already know. No new endings to learn.
⏱ 60 min🔑 Two rules, that's all
ще + present tense = will (something will happen)
няма да + present tense = will not (something will not happen)
You already know the present tense. Just add the particle in front.
⏩ще — making plans
| English | Bulgarian | Romanised |
|---|---|---|
| I will work | Ще работя | Shte rabotya |
| You will read | Ще четеш | Shte chetesh |
| She will speak | Ще говори | Shte govori |
| We will go | Ще отидем | Shte otidem |
| They will see | Ще видят | Shte vidyat |
🚫няма да — cancelling plans
| English | Bulgarian | Romanised |
|---|---|---|
| I will not work | Няма да работя | Nyama da rabotya |
| He will not read | Няма да чете | Nyama da chete |
| They will not go | Няма да отидат | Nyama da otidat |
Day 12 Quick Check
4 questions · future tense
Question 1 of 4
How do you form the future tense in Bulgarian?
Question 2 of 4
Translate: "She will speak."
Question 3 of 4
How do you say "I will not go"?
Question 4 of 4
What word(s) signal "will not" in Bulgarian?
☕ Halfway through Module 3. You're building real Bulgarian now. If this course is helping, a coffee keeps it free for everyone.
Day 13 · ~60 minutes
Adjectives & Agreement
Adjectives in Bulgarian must match the noun they describe — in gender (masculine, feminine, neuter) and number. It's the most important rule for describing things correctly.
⏱ 60 min🔑 Think of it as matching outfits
In English "big" never changes. In Bulgarian the adjective голям (big) must agree with the noun it describes. Masculine nouns get the base form; feminine add -а; neuter add -о; plural add -и.
📊How adjectives change — нов (new)
| Noun type | Ending | Example | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| Masculine (e.g. стол — chair) | — | нов стол | a new chair |
| Feminine (e.g. кола — car) | -а | нова кола | a new car |
| Neuter (e.g. легло — bed) | -о | ново легло | a new bed |
| Plural (any gender) | -и | нови столове | new chairs |
📖Useful adjectives to practise
- голям / голяма / голямоgolyam / golyama / golyamobig
- малък / малка / малкоmalak / malka / malkosmall
- хубав / хубава / хубавоhubav / hubava / hubavonice / pretty
- добър / добра / доброdobar / dobra / dobrogood
- нов / нова / новоnov / nova / novonew
- стар / стара / староstar / stara / staroold
- вкусен / вкусна / вкусноvkusen / vkusna / vkusnodelicious
- бял / бяла / бялоbyal / byala / byalowhite
Day 13 Quick Check
4 questions · adjective agreement
Question 1 of 4
What ending does a feminine adjective take in Bulgarian?
Question 2 of 4
Which is correct for "a big house" (къща is feminine)?
Question 3 of 4
What ending do adjectives take in the plural?
Question 4 of 4
How do you say "a delicious banitsa"? (баница is feminine)
Day 14 · ~60 minutes
Comparisons — по- and най-
Bulgarian comparisons are the most regular in any Slavic language — just add a prefix. No irregular forms like "good → better → best" to worry about (well, almost none).
⏱ 60 min📊The two prefixes
| Comparison type | Prefix | Example (fast = бърз) |
|---|---|---|
| Comparative (faster, more…) | по- | по-бърз (faster) |
| Superlative (fastest, most…) | най- | най-бърз (the fastest) |
💡 These prefixes work on adverbs too
говори по-бавно — speaks more slowly · пее най-добре — sings the best
💬Comparisons in real sentences
- по-голямpo-golyambigger
- най-голямnay-golyambiggest
- по-добърpo-dobarbetter
- най-добърnay-dobarbest
- по-скъпpo-skapmore expensive
- най-евтинnay-evtincheapest
- по-бавноpo-bavnomore slowly
- най-добреnay-dobrebest (adverb)
| Bulgarian | English |
|---|---|
| София е по-голяма от Пловдив. | Sofia is bigger than Plovdiv. |
| Това е най-вкусната баница. | This is the most delicious banitsa. |
| Той говори по-бавно от мен. | He speaks slower than me. |
| Тя пее най-добре. | She sings the best. |
Day 14 Quick Check
4 questions · comparisons
Question 1 of 4
Which prefix means "more ___" (comparative)?
Question 2 of 4
How do you say "the fastest"?
Question 3 of 4
Translate: "Sofia is bigger than Plovdiv."
Question 4 of 4
The same prefixes работ on adverbs too. How do you say "speak more slowly"?
Day 15 · ~60 minutes
Storytelling & Review
Bring it all together — past, future, adjectives, comparisons — in a connected story and a final written exercise before the checkpoint.
⏱ 60 min🗓Time and sequence words
- ВчераVcheraYesterday
- ДнесDnesToday
- УтреUtreTomorrow
- ПървоParvoFirst
- ПослеPosleThen / after
- НакраяNakrayaFinally
📖Model story — a good day
Вчера имах хубав ден. Първо, пих голямо кафе. После, говорих с моя добър приятел. Беше много интересно.
Vchera imah hubav den. Parvo, pih golyamo kafe. Posle, govorih s moya dobar priyatel. Beshe mnogo interesno.
Yesterday I had a nice day. First, I drank a big coffee. Then I spoke with my good friend. It was very interesting.
Утре ще отида на по-хубаво място. Ще бъде най-добрият ден!
Utre shte otida na po-hubavo myasto. Shte bade nay-dobriyat den!
Tomorrow I'll go to a nicer place. It'll be the best day!
Day 15 Quick Check
4 questions · module review
Question 1 of 4
Which sentence correctly says "Yesterday I drank coffee"?
Question 2 of 4
Translate: "Tomorrow we will go to a nicer place."
Question 3 of 4
What does Беше много интересно mean?
Question 4 of 4
Which is the superlative of добър (good)?
🏆 End of Modules 1–3
A1 Checkpoint — Prove What You Know
You've completed 15 days and the A1 Foundations phase. Now take the can-do self-assessment and a mock practice test to confirm you're ready to move on to A2.
A1 CEFR Can-Do Checklist
Tick each statement honestly. Aim for 10/12 before moving on.
At A1, you should be able to communicate in a simple way when the other person is prepared to help and repeat things slowly.
I can greet someone, introduce myself and say goodbye.
I can say and understand numbers 1–100.
I can ask and answer "What is your name?", "Where are you from?"
I can conjugate common verbs in the present tense (Groups 1, 2, 3).
I can make a sentence negative using не.
I can use short object pronouns (го, я, ги, ми, му…).
I can give a simple command in both informal and formal forms.
I can say what I did yesterday using the aorist past tense.
I can say what will happen tomorrow using ще.
I can describe a person or object using a basic adjective with correct agreement.
I can compare two things using по- (bigger, faster, better).
I can tell a short 3–5 sentence story about my day using past, present and future.
0 / 12 ticked
📝 A1 Mock Practice Test
Practice the STBFL A1 format
The STBFL A1/A2 exam has four parts: Listening, Reading, Writing and Speaking. Below are short practice tasks modelled on the real exam format. Complete them in one sitting for the best practice effect.
Part 1 · Listening
Listen and answer
Press play and listen to the sentences. After each one, write down (on paper) whether the action is in the past, present or future. Check yourself by reading back the Bulgarian text.
Answers: past · future · present · past · future
Part 2 · Reading
Short text comprehension
Казвам се Иван. Живея в София. Вчера работих дълго и ядох вкусна баница. Утре ще отида на по-хубаво място с моя добър приятел.
Answer on paper: (1) Where does Ivan live? (2) What did he eat yesterday? (3) What will he do tomorrow?
Answers: Sofia · delicious banitsa · go to a nicer place with his good friend
Part 3 · Writing
Write 40–50 words about yourself
Write a short paragraph in Bulgarian. Include: your name, where you're from, what you did yesterday, and what you will do tomorrow. Use at least two adjectives with correct agreement and one comparison.
Part 4 · Speaking (self-practice)
Read your written paragraph aloud
Read what you wrote for Part 3 out loud. Record yourself if possible and listen back. Can you understand yourself? Does it flow? Press play below and try to keep up with the model text.
💡 The real STBFL A2 exam takes 180 minutes. Aim to complete this practice in under 30 minutes for good time management.
☕ You just hit a milestone
A1 Checkpoint done.
Buy me a coffee?
You've completed 15 days of free Bulgarian. If this course is working for you, a coffee is the best way to say thanks — and it keeps the course free for everyone. Благодаря! 🙏
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