Day 6 · ~60 minutes

Present-Tense Verbs — The Three Conjugations

Bulgarian verbs fall into three groups. Learn the ending pattern for each group and you can correctly use hundreds of verbs straight away.

⏱ 60 min

🔑 The big shortcut

Because the verb ending tells you who is doing the action, Bulgarians often drop the pronoun (Аз, Ти, etc.) in normal speech. Говоря alone means "I speak" — just as clear as "Аз говоря".

📊The three conjugations at a glance

Group 1 — the E group

Person	чета (to read)
I	чета
you (inf.)	четеш
he / she / it	чете
we	четем
you (formal/pl.)	четете
they	четат

🎧

Group 2 — the I group

Person	говоря (to speak)
I	говоря
you (inf.)	говориш
he / she / it	говори
we	говорим
you (formal/pl.)	говорите
they	говорят

🎧

Group 3 — the A group

Person	искам (to want)
I	искам
you (inf.)	искаш
he / she / it	иска
we	искаме
you (formal/pl.)	искате
they	искат

🎧

💡 How to spot the group

Look at the "he/she/it" form — if it ends in -е it's Group 1, -и is Group 2, -а is Group 3. Most new verbs you meet will follow one of these three patterns without exception.

📖Common verbs to know now

English	Bulgarian	Romanised	Group
to read	чета	cheta	1 — E
to write	пиша	pisha	1 — E
to go	отивам	otivam	3 — A
to speak	говоря	govorya	2 — I
to think	мисля	misleya	2 — I
to want	искам	iskam	3 — A
to understand	разбирам	razbiram	3 — A
to work	работя	rabotya	2 — I
to live	живея	zhiveya	1 — E
to know	знам	znam	3 — A

🎧 Common verbs

✏️

Day 6 Quick Check

4 questions · verb conjugation

Question 1 of 4

Which group does говоря (to speak) belong to?

AGroup 1 — the E group

BGroup 3 — the A group

CGroup 2 — the I group

DIt doesn't follow any group

Question 2 of 4

How do you say "we read" in Bulgarian? (verb: чета, Group 1)

Aчетате

Bчетем

Cчетам

Dчетяме

Question 3 of 4

The verb разбирам (to understand) ends in -ам. Which group is it?

AGroup 3 — the A group

BGroup 1 — the E group

CGroup 2 — the I group

DIt's irregular

Question 4 of 4

Why do Bulgarians often omit the pronoun (Аз, Ти, etc.) when speaking?

APronouns are considered rude in Bulgarian

BPronouns only exist in formal written Bulgarian

CThere are no pronouns in Bulgarian

DThe verb ending already shows who is doing the action

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Day 7 · ~60 minutes

Object Pronouns

Instead of repeating a noun ("I see the man, I like the man"), we replace it with a short pronoun ("I see him, I like him"). Bulgarian has a direct and indirect set — and they usually go before the verb.

⏱ 60 min

🔑 The one big rule

In English, pronouns come after the verb: "I see him." In Bulgarian they come before it: Го виждам — literally "him I-see". This feels strange at first but quickly becomes instinctive.

👉Direct object pronouns — "who?" or "what?"

Use these when the pronoun answers the question who or what receives the action.

English	Bulgarian	Romanised	Example
me	ме	me	Той ме вижда. (He sees me.)
you (inf.)	те	te	Аз те обичам. (I love you.)
him / it (m.)	го	go	Тя го чете. (She reads it.)
her / it (f.)	я	ya	Ние я искаме. (We want it.)
us	ни	ni	Виждат ни. (They see us.)
you (formal/pl.)	ви	vi	Познавам ви. (I know you.)
them	ги	gi	Обичам ги. (I love them.)

🎧 Direct pronouns

👈Indirect object pronouns — "to whom?"

Use these when the pronoun answers the question to whom or for whom.

English	Bulgarian	Romanised	Example
to me	ми	mi	Той ми говори. (He speaks to me.)
to you (inf.)	ти	ti	Давам ти книга. (I give you a book.)
to him / it	му	mu	Тя му пише. (She writes to him.)
to her / it	й	y	Казвам й. (I'm telling her.)
to us	ни	ni	Той ни дава. (He gives to us.)
to you (formal/pl.)	ви	vi	Пиша ви. (I'm writing to you.)
to them	им	im	Говоря им. (I'm speaking to them.)

🎧 Indirect pronouns

💡 How to choose which table to use

Ask yourself: can I replace the noun with who / what? → use the direct table (ме, те, го…). Can I replace it with to whom / for whom? → use the indirect table (ми, ти, му…).

✏️

Day 7 Quick Check

4 questions · object pronouns

Question 1 of 4

Where do short object pronouns usually go in a Bulgarian sentence?

AAfter the verb, like in English

BBefore the verb

CAt the end of the sentence

DAt the beginning of the sentence

Question 2 of 4

"I see Ivan." Replace Ivan with the correct direct object pronoun.

AМи виждам.

BМу виждам.

CГо виждам.

DВиждам го.

Question 3 of 4

"I give the book to Maria." Replace to Maria with a pronoun. Maria is female.

AДавам й книгата.

BДавам я книгата.

CДавам му книгата.

DДавам ги книгата.

Question 4 of 4

Which pronoun means "them" (direct object — I love them)?

Aим

Bни

Cви

Dги

0/4

Day 8 · ~60 minutes

Negation

One word — не — placed before the verb makes almost any sentence negative. Bulgarian also uses double negatives, which are grammatically correct.

⏱ 60 min

🚫Making a sentence negative

Place не (ne) directly before the verb. That is the entire rule.

Positive	Negative	English
Искам кафе.	Не искам кафе.	I don't want coffee.
Той говори български.	Той не говори български.	He doesn't speak Bulgarian.
Разбирам.	Не разбирам.	I don't understand.
Тя работи днес.	Тя не работи днес.	She doesn't work today.

🎧 Negation examples

🔁Double negatives — perfectly correct in Bulgarian

When a sentence contains words like "nobody", "nothing" or "nowhere", Bulgarian requires не before the verb as well. Unlike English, this is not a grammar mistake.

никойnikoynobody
нищоnishtonothing
никъдеnikudenowhere
никогаnikoganever

Bulgarian	Literal	Meaning
Никой не говори.	Nobody not speaks.	Nobody speaks.
Не виждам нищо.	Not I-see nothing.	I don't see anything.
Той никога не чете.	He never not reads.	He never reads.

🎧 Double negatives

✏️

Day 8 Quick Check

4 questions · negation

Question 1 of 4

How do you make a verb negative in Bulgarian?

APlace не directly before the verb

BPlace не at the end of the sentence

CAdd a negative suffix to the verb

DChange the verb ending

Question 2 of 4

How do you say "She doesn't work today"?

AТя работи не днес.

BТя работи днес не.

CТя не работи днес.

DНе тя работи днес.

Question 3 of 4

Which sentence correctly says "Nobody speaks" in Bulgarian?

AНикой говори.

BНикой не говори.

CНе говори никой.

DГовори не никой.

Question 4 of 4

What does нищо mean?

ANobody

BNever

CNowhere

DNothing

0/4

Day 9 · ~60 minutes

Imperatives — Commands & Requests

The imperative is how you tell someone to do something. The form changes based on whether you're speaking to one person informally, or to a group or formally.

⏱ 60 min

👆Forming commands

Form	How to form it	Example
Informal singular (one friend)	Verb stem + -и or -й	Говори! (Speak!) · Чети! (Read!)
Formal / plural (strangers, groups)	Informal form + -те	Говорете! · Четете!
Negative command	Не + informal imperative	Не говори! (Don't speak!)

🎧 Commands

🔄Common useful commands

Слушай!Slooshay!Listen! (informal)
Слушайте!Slooshayte!Listen! (formal/pl.)
Пиши!Pishi!Write! (informal)
Елате!Elate!Come! (formal/pl.)
Почакай!Pochakay!Wait! (informal)
Помогнете!Pomognete!Help! (formal/pl.)
Отвори!Otvori!Open! (informal)
Затвори!Zatvori!Close! (informal)

🎧 Useful commands

⚠️ The one exception to pronoun word order

Earlier we said pronouns go before the verb. Commands are the one exception — pronouns come after the verb in imperatives.

Дай ми го! (Give it to me!) — verb first, then pronouns.

Кажи й! (Tell her!) — verb first, then indirect pronoun.

✏️

Day 9 Quick Check

4 questions · imperatives

Question 1 of 4

How do you make a command formal or address a group?

AAdd -и to the verb stem

BAdd -те to the informal command

CPut моля before the verb

DAdd -ете to the verb stem

Question 2 of 4

How do you say "Don't speak!" (informal, to one person)?

AНе говорете!

BГовори не!

CНе говори!

DГоворете не!

Question 3 of 4

In commands, where do object pronouns go?

ABefore the verb, same as in normal sentences

BAt the start of the sentence

CCommands cannot use object pronouns

DAfter the verb — the one exception to the normal rule

Question 4 of 4

What does Почакай! mean?

AWait!

BHelp!

CListen!

DCome!

0/4

Day 10 · ~60 minutes

Review & Practice

Bring everything from this week together — verbs, pronouns, negation and commands — in a connected dialogue and a final written exercise.

⏱ 60 min

💬Dialogue — Ivan doesn't understand the lesson

👩‍🏫

Teacher

Иван, разбираш ли урока?

Ivan, razbirash li uroka?

Ivan, do you understand the lesson?

🧑

Ivan

Не, не го разбирам. Моля, говори по-бавно.

Ne, ne go razbiram. Molya, govori po-bavno.

No, I don't understand it. Please speak slower.

👩‍🏫

Teacher

Добре. Слушай сега.

Dobre. Slooshay sega.

Okay. Listen now.

🧑

Ivan

Благодаря. Сега те разбирам по-добре.

Blagodarya. Sega te razbiram po-dobre.

Thank you. Now I understand you better.

🎧 Full dialogue

📝Module recap — key rules

Topic	Rule	Example
Verb groups	3 patterns — E, I, A — identified by the he/she/it form	чете / говори / иска
Pronouns before verb	Short object pronouns go before the verb in normal sentences	Го виждам.
Negation	Put не directly before the verb	Не разбирам.
Double negatives	Required — use не even with никой / нищо / никога	Никой не знае.
Commands	Add -те for formal/plural; pronouns go after the verb	Дайте ми го!

✏️

Day 10 Quick Check

4 questions · module review

Question 1 of 4

Translate: "I don't speak Bulgarian."

AГоворя не български.

BНе говоря български.

CНе аз говоря български.

DГоворите не.

Question 2 of 4

Translate: "She doesn't want anything." (Use the double-negative structure.)

AТя иска нищо.

BТя не иска.

CТя не иска нищо.

DТя нищо иска.

Question 3 of 4

Translate: "Give him the book!" (formal command, male recipient)

AДайте му книгата!

BМу дайте книгата!

CДай му книгата!

DДайте го книгата!

Question 4 of 4

In the dialogue, Ivan says Сега те разбирам по-добре. What does this mean?

AI still don't understand you.

BPlease speak more slowly.

CI understand the lesson now.

DNow I understand you better.

0/4

Verbs, Negation
& Commands

Present-Tense Verbs — The Three Conjugations

📊The three conjugations at a glance

📖Common verbs to know now

Day 6 Quick Check

Object Pronouns

👉Direct object pronouns — "who?" or "what?"

👈Indirect object pronouns — "to whom?"

Day 7 Quick Check

Negation

🚫Making a sentence negative

🔁Double negatives — perfectly correct in Bulgarian

Day 8 Quick Check

Imperatives — Commands & Requests

👆Forming commands

🔄Common useful commands

Day 9 Quick Check

Review & Practice

💬Dialogue — Ivan doesn't understand the lesson

📝Module recap — key rules

Day 10 Quick Check

Completed Module 2?
Buy me a coffee.

🆘 Module 2 Quick Recap

Found a mistake?
Please tell me.

Present-Tense Verbs — The Three Conjugations

📊The three conjugations at a glance

📖Common verbs to know now

Day 6 Quick Check

Object Pronouns

👉Direct object pronouns — "who?" or "what?"

👈Indirect object pronouns — "to whom?"

Day 7 Quick Check

Negation

🚫Making a sentence negative

🔁Double negatives — perfectly correct in Bulgarian

Day 8 Quick Check

Imperatives — Commands & Requests

👆Forming commands

🔄Common useful commands

Day 9 Quick Check

Review & Practice

💬Dialogue — Ivan doesn't understand the lesson

📝Module recap — key rules

Day 10 Quick Check

Completed Module 2?Buy me a coffee.

🆘 Module 2 Quick Recap

Found a mistake?Please tell me.

Completed Module 2?
Buy me a coffee.

Found a mistake?
Please tell me.